Guhagarara ku cyapa amasaha uko bisi ije ukirukanka usiganwa ugira ngo ugira ngo uyitangemo abandi mugihagararanyeho rimwe na rimwe ikikomereza itanahagaze, guhagarara mu modoka yuzuye abantu igenda ihagarara ishyiramo abandi shoferi atitaye kuri gahunda yawe yihutirwa ni zimwe mu mpamvu zikomeye zatuma umuntu w’ino aha mu Rwanda yifuza kugura imodoka ye bwite yo kugendamo.
Haba hari na bene Ngango baba bari aho bategereje ko mubyigana mwinjira mu modoka yiswe ‘shirumuteto’ ngo itabasiga ku cyapa maze na telefoni yawe bakayinoboza mu mufuka cyangwa n’amafaranga n’ibindi bintu by’agaciro ufite bakabigukiza.
Kuba uri kuri moto imvura yagwa motari akihutira gushaka aho aparika ngo mwugame mukanahagera wamaze kujabama no kwandura ni indi mpamvu ituma wumva wagura imodoka yawe izakujyana aho ushatse hose haba mu mvura yo muri Mata cyangwa izuba nk’iri ryo muri Kamena kamena amasekuru kandi isaha iyo ari yo yose nubwo haba mu gicuku kinishye.
Hiyongeraho ko mu muryango mugari nyarwanda tubamo, hari benshi bakibona gutunga imodoka nk’ikimenyetso cy’ubukire ku buryo uyiparitse hariya yubahwa akanicazwa imbere mu birori ndetse anatambutswa abandi nubwo baba bamutanze.
Simvuze uburyo ngo abakobwa b’ino aha bakunda umusore utereta atunze akamodoka rimwe na rimwe kaba atari na ke yagatoye cyane ko nta we basaba kubanza kwerekana ya karita y’umuhondo (carte jaune) isanzwe mu Rwanda ikora nk’icyangombwa cyerekana nyir’ikinyabiziga.
Hari impamvu nyinshi zatuma wumva wifuje gutunga imodoka yawe bwite. Uzajya uyikoresha kenshi muri gahunda zawe ku giti cyawe, ni urugero nko kujya aho ushaka gutemberana n’abo mu rugo rwawe n’umuryango wawe mu mpera z’icyumweru cyangwa n’indi minsi.
Zimwe muri izo tuvuze haruguru ni zimwe mu mpamvu zihatira benshi gutera intambwe yo kugura imodoka mu miryango y’amikoro aciriritse mu muryango mugari tubamo w’igihugu nk’iki cyacu n’ibindi bikennye.
Usanga dushaka kugura imodoka binyuze mu nzira imwe cyangwa iyindi, rimwe nyuma yo kuyizigamira by’igihe kirekire cyangwa tuyiguze ku nguzanyo.
Aha rero niba ari uko bimeze, ukaba ushaka kugura imodoka cyangwa ubirota mu minsi iri imbere, ni ibihe bintu by’ingenzi ukwiye kwitaho igihe wifuza kugura imodoka nshya?
Ni kuki ubundi wagura imodoka?
Iyo ugura imodoka, hari ibintu by’ingenzi ugomba kubanza kumenya no gutekerezaho. Icya mbere, ni kuki ushaka kugura iyo modoka? Ikindi wibaza ni ‘ese uzajya uyigendamo buri munsi cyangwa ni mu gihe cy’ibiruhuko bya wikendi kenshi uri kumwe n’umuryango wawe?’
“Umuntu ushaka kugura imodoka akwiye kubanza kumenya niba azayikoresha mu mihanda y’ibyaro n’imisozi cyangwa se niba ari mu mujyi. Na none ukeneye kumenya inshuro ukoresha imodoka ku munsi,”
“Niba uzi ko ukoresha imodoka kenshi, ukwiye kugura imodoka igendanye na byo, niba ari imodoka uzakoresha inshuro imwe cyangwa ebyiri mu cyumweru, gura imodoka bikwiranye,” ni ko Ashwin Raj Verma, inzobere mu by’imodoka akaba afite n’ikompanyi izicuruza yitwa Dark Max Automotive.
Ese usanzwe utwara imodoka buri munsi?
Wigeze utwaraho imodoka? Ku kibazo cy’imodoka ikoresha amavuta, hari ubwoko bw’amavuta bukwiranye n’imodoka runaka n’ubwoko bwayo ku buryo ukwiye kumenya ikigero cy’amavuta imodoka runaka ikoresha.
Niba uzi ko uzakoresha imodoka buri munsi, icyo na cyo ni ikintu ukwiye gutekerezaho, ushobora kugura imodoka zikoresha amavuta akomoka ku bimera atanduza ikirere, peteroli, lisansi cyangwa mazutu ku kigero kijyana n’icyo twifuza.
Ku byerekeye imodoka, “Niba uzajya utwara imodoka yawe ibilometero 50 ku munsi ugereranije, ni ukuvuga ibilometero 1.500 ku kwezi cyangwa munsi y’aho, ugomba kugura imodoka ikoresha amavuta nka peteroli cyangwa amavuta aciriritse,” ni ko Raj Ashwin avuga.
Na none avuga ko abashaka kugura imodoka yo ku rwego rwo hasi cyangwa ihendutse bashobora guhitamo imodoka zifite moteri yuzuzwa na litiro 1.2.
Ati “Ku bandi bashobora kuba bazajya batwara ibilometero birenze 1.500 ku kwezi, kugura imodoka ikoresha amavuta ya diyezeli cyangwa CNG (amavuta akomoka ku bimera), ni yo mahitamo meza kurushaho. Gukoresha amavuta adahenze cyane ni byo byiza kurushago.”
Ese intera igendana na litiro y’amavuta ni ikintu ukwiye kwitaho ?
Imodoka iyo ari yo yose ushaka kugura, ikintu cya mbere umuryango w’abantu b’amikoro make barebaho ni umubare w’ibilometero igenda bijyanye n’amavuta inywa.
Abajijwe niba ari ngombwa kureba kuri icyo kintu, Raj avuga ko ari ingenzi 100%. Ati “Ni byiza cyane gutekereza niba imodoka tugiye kugura amavuta izakoresha agendana n’amikoro yacu.”
Ku kibazo cy’imodoka tugura, hari ibintu bibiri by’ingenzi tugomba kurebaho. Ibyo ni intera y’ibilometero igenda ndetse n’umutekano. Umwanzuro mwiza ni ukugura imodoka ikoze ku buryo ibyo byombi izaba ibyujuje ku rugero rushimishije.”
Aha ni ngombwa kugura imodoka tuzi ingano ya litiro z’amavuta inywa ku bilometero runaka.
Mu gihe cyo kugura imodoka, tugomba kureba intera igereranije n’ubwoko bw’imodoka kandi tugahitamo imodoka ikoresha ikigero cy’amavuta gikwiranye n’ibyo twifuza ariko n’ubushobozi bwacu.
Ese ugomba kwita ku bunini bw’umuryango igihe cyo kugura imodoka?
Hari amoko menshi y’imodoka nka hatchback, sedan, SUV usanga buri bwoko bufite ubunini butandukanye.
Abagura imodoka bagomba kwita ku bunini bw’imiryango yabo ndetse n’inshuro bazajya bakenera kugenda muri izo modoka nk’umuryango.
“Niba ari umuryango w’abantu bane cyangwa umubare muto kuri uwo- umugabo, umugore, abana babiri- imodoka nk’iyo mu bwoko bwa hatchback cyangwa sedan irahagije. Ishobora gutwara abantu bagera no kuri batanu. Niba umuryango wanyu ugera ku bantu batandatu cyangwa barenzeho, byaba byiza muguze SUV,” ni ko Ashwin avuga.
Na none, “Niba umuryango wanyu ufite abana bato cyangwa abantu bakuze barengeje imyaka 50, ni byiza kugura imodoka ifite imyanya minini kurutaho, itari ya yindi bashobora kwicaramo bapfundanye babyigana cyane.”
Cyane cyane, “Compact SUV usanga ari nziza ku miryango ifite abantu bashaje kurusha hatchback cyangwa sedan.”
Bitari ibyo, uzasanga uguze imodoka bazajyamo bagapfundana ha handi no gusohoka biba ikibazo cyangwa bakayivamo bananiwe cyane kubera kubura ubwinyagamburiro.
Nyamara mu modoka nini bazagenda bisanzuye. Intebe y’inyuma ikwiye kuba ifite ubushobozi bwo kuba umuntu yayiryamaho neza. Kwinjira no kuyisohokamo ntibikwiye kuba ari ibintu bigoranye.
“Bityo rero, SUV compact ni amahitamo meza ku muryango. Kuri icyo, ntibazagomba guhura n’ibyo bibazo,” ni ko Ashwin abisobanura.
Ikindi kintu cy’ingenzi umuntu yakwibuka ni uko nubwo umuryango waba ugizwe n’abantu batandatu atari ngombwa ko iteka iyo modoka bazajya bayigendamo buri munsi.
Ni ibihe bintu by’ingenzi ku mutekano w’imodoka?
Mu gihe cyo kugura imodoka, umutekano wayo nk’uburyo sisitemu ikingira feri, ‘parking sensor’, imfatamashusho [camera] y’inyuma, uruhago rw’umwuka [uruhago rw’umwuka [air bag], umukandara w’umutekano n’ibindi ni ibintu by’ingenzi cyane ukwiye kwitaho.
Ariko , nk’uko Ashwin abivuga, imodoka ziboneka cyane ku isoko muri iyi minsi kenshi ziza ku isoko zifite ibyo bintu byo kurinda umutekano.
Ikirenze kuri ibyo, ushobora kureba icyitwa “safety rating” kugira ngo umenye neza ko umutekano w’imodoka wizewe.
Car safety rating ni ibipimo by’uburyo imodoka iteye bigendanye n’uko yitwara mu gihe cy’impanuka. Kugira ngo umenye neza niba uburyo imodoka ikozwe bitanga umutekano, ni ngombwa ngo urebe ibipimo n’amasuzuma y’umutekano bya NCAP [European New Car Assessment Programme],” ni ko abivuga.
Ashwin avuga ko “Ku modoka zakozwe hitawe ku bushobozi bwo kuramba n’intera igenda, nubwo iby’ibanze by’umutekano byaba byiza, ubu buryo bw’umutekano si ngombwa ko bugurwa.”
Lakini, Ashwin anasema, "Kwa magari yaliyojengwa kwa kuzingatia uwezo wa kumudu gharama na maili, hata kama vipengele vya msingi vya usalama ni vyema, mfumo huu wa ukadiriaji haufai kununuliwa."
Ese ni byiza kugura imodoka mu mafaranga y’inguzanyo?
Birakwiye kugura imodoka ku mafaranga yose kasha ufite?
Utekereje ku nyungu y’igihe kirekire, amahitamo meza ni ugufata inguzanyo ya banki ukagura imodoka uzajya wishyura buri kwezi, ni ko Surender Muthu, watangije umuyoboro wa YouTube ‘Roads & Revs, ikaba ari ;channel’ ya YouTube wibanda ku modoka ndetse uyu akaba ari umunyamakuru wandika inkuru zerekeye imodoka.
“Tuvuge ko ko uguze sedan ntoya ku mafaranga atari menshi wenda nka 15.000.000FRW. Nubwo wenda ayo mafaranga waba uyafite, aho gufata yose ngo uyaguremo imodoka, byaba byiza ufashe igice kimwe cy’ayo mafaranga ukayashora ahantu runaka aho yunguka noneho ugafata inguzanyo ya banki wajya wishyura buri kwezi.
Aho gukoresha amafaranga menshi menshi ku modoka, ushobora kuyashora mu kindi kintu, kiguha inyungu nziza. Bityo, nubwo waba ufite amafaranga menshi uyibitseho, ni umwanzuro mwiza gufata inguzanyo muri banki,” ni ko Surendir avuga.
Na none avuga ko “Niba ubona ko ushobora gukodesha imodoka kuko uzajya uyikoresha inshuro runaka mu cyumweru, si byiza kuba wareka kuyigura kandi amafaranga uyifiteho.”
Ahubwo aha icyo wakora, mu gihe kirekire, niba uzajya ukenera imodoka rimwe mu cyumweru, nta kabuza ko mu myaka izaza, uzajya uyikenera kurushaho.
Kuri iyo mpamvu, nujya kugura imodoka, ita cyane ku ntera igenda ugereranije n’amavuta inywa, umutekano, ubukungu bw’umuryango n’ibyo mukenera kurusha ibindi kandi ugure imodoka ijyana n’amikoro yawe.
Ikindi utakwibagirwa, niba imodoka ugiye kugura ari iyo kugendamo gusa, uzibuke amande y’ibihano bya polisi, na “Sofiya” zateye, kuyikoresha yapfuye, amafaranga y’ubwishingizi (assurance) n’ibindi byinshi hanyuma utekereze kenshi mbere yo kuyigira, niba utagiye kuyigura kubera igitutu kidafite ishingiro.
