Igikorwa cy’ubukangurambaga bwo ku mbuga nkoranyambaga kivugwa ko cyafashije ingimbi y’Umuhinde kurokoka inzoka ya ’amibe’ irya ubwonko idakunze kubaho, bituma aba umuntu wa cyenda gusa ku isi uyirokotse.
Afnan Jasim, w’imyaka 14, byibazwa ko yayanduye muri Kamena (6) uyu mwaka, nyuma yuko agiye kwidumbaguza mu kinamba cyo mu gace k’iwabo muri leta ya Kerala, mu majyepfo y’Ubuhinde.
Umuganga we yavuze ko iyo ’amibe’ - izwi ku izina ryo muri siyansi rya Naegleria fowleri - bishoboka ko yinjiye mu mubiri we ivuye mu mazi yari yarandujwe na yo.
Indwara ya ’Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis’ (PAM), iterwa n’iyo ’amibe’, yica abantu ku kigero cya 97%.
Ikigo cy’Amerika cyo kurwanya no kwirinda indwara kivuga ko hagati y’umwaka wa 1971 na 2023, abandi bantu umunani gusa ari bo barokotse iyo ndwara ku migabane ine - muri Australia, Amerika, Mexique (Mexico) no muri Pakistani.
Aho hose, ibimenyetso by’iyo ndwara byamenyekanye hagati y’amasaha icyenda n’iminsi itanu kuva habayeho ubwandu – ibyo byagize uruhare rukomeye mu gukira kwabo.
Inzobere mu buvuzi zivuga ko kuvurwa hakiri kare ari ingenzi mu gutuma iyo ndwara ikira.
Ibimenyetso bya PAM, nkuko izwi mu mpine y’Icyongereza, birimo kurwara umutwe, guhinda umuriro, kugira iseseme, kuruka, kubura icyerekezo, kubabara ijosi, kugira isereri, kugira igicuri cyangwa kubona ibintu wishyizemo nkaho birimo kuba kandi bitarimo kuba.
Iyo ’amibe’ izwiho kwinjira mu mubiri w’umuntu inyuze mu miyoboro yo mu mazuru ndetse igakora urugendo inyuze mu igufa ry’agahanga rishamikiye ku zuru ririmo n’imyakura ituma umuntu ashobora guhumurirwa cyangwa kunukirwa, nuko ikagera mu bwonko.
Dr Abdul Rauf, wavuye Afnan, agira ati: "Aka gakoko k’indiririzi [parasite] gahita gasohora ibinyabutabire bitandukanye kagasenya ubwonko."
Benshi mu barwayi bapfa bazize umugaga (kuremererwa) mu magufa yo mu mutwe, umugaga uterwa n’amatembabuzi imbere mu mutwe no ku mubyimba (imisusire) w’ubwonko.
Yongeyeho ko iyo ’amibe’ isangwa mu mazi afutse y’ibiyaga, by’umwihariko mu mazi y’akazuyazi.
Dr Rauf ati: "Abantu ntibakwiye gusimbukira cyangwa kwibira mu mazi. Ubwo ni uburyo buzwi bwo gutuma ’amibe’ yinjira mu mubiri. Niba amazi yanduye, ’amibe’ yinjirira mu zuru ryawe."
Uyu muganga avuga ko ikintu cyiza cyane cyo gukora ari ukwirinda amazi yanduye. No mu byuzi bigezweho byo kogeramo, bizwi nka ’piscines’, abantu bagirwa inama yo kugumisha iminwa yabo hejuru y’amazi.
Dr Rauf yongeraho ati: "Gukoresha umuti wa chlorine mu mazi ni ingenzi cyane."
Ubushakashatsi bwatangajwe muri leta ya Karnataka, mu majyepfo ashyira uburengerazuba bw’Ubuhinde, bunarimo ko hari abana b’impinja baho n’ab’ahantu nko muri Nigeria bandurira iyo ndwara mu mazi yo kwiyuhagira mu cyumba cy’ubwogero (’douche’).
Kuva mu mwaka wa 1965, abantu bagera kuri 400 batangajwe ko barwaye PAM ku isi, mu gihe kugeza ubu Ubuhinde bumaze kugaragaramo abarwayi batageze kuri 30.
Dr Rauf ati: "[Leta ya] Kerala yatangaje umurwayi wa PAM mu 2018 no mu 2020 ndetse muri uyu mwaka abarwayi hafi batanu ni bo bamaze kugaragara."
Afnan yatangiye kugaragaza ibimenyetso nyuma y’iminsi itanu avuye kwidumbaguza mu kinamba cyo mu karere ka Kozhikode. Yarwaye igicuri, anatangira kuvuga ko umutwe umurya cyane.
Ababyeyi be bamujyanye kwa muganga, ariko Afnan ntiyoroherwa.
Ariko ku bw’amahirwe, se, MK Siddiqui, w’imyaka 46, atekereza neza ahuza ibyo bimenyetso umuhungu we yagaragazaga, n’ikintu yari yarasomye ku mbuga nkoranyambaga.
Siddiqui, umworozi w’inka, yavuze ko yari arimo gusoma ku mbuga nkoranyambaga ibijyanye n’ingaruka za virusi ya Nipah - umuhungu aherutse kwicwa na yo muri iyo leta - ubwo, by’amahirwe, yagwaga ku makuru ajyanye n’iyo ’amibe’ irya ubwonko kandi yica.
Siddiqui yagize ati: "Nasomye ikintu kijyanye n’igicuri giterwa n’ubwandu. Afnan akimara kurwara igicuri, naramwihutanye mujyana ku bitaro byo mu gace dutuyemo."
Igicuri kidahagaze, yajyanye umuhungu we ku bindi bitaro, ariko ibi byo ntibyari bifite muganga w’inzobere mu kuvura indwara zo mu bwonko no mu rwungano rw’imyakura.
Amaherezo, bajya ku bitaro Baby Memorial Hospital, byo mu karere ka Kozhikode, ari na byo Dr Rauf akoramo nk’umuganga ngishwanama (’consultant’) w’abana barembye.
Dr Rauf avuga ko kumenyesha abaganga ko Afnan yari yidumbaguje mu kinamba cyo mu gace k’iwabo, n’ibimenyetso yagaragaje nyuma yaho, byose ari Siddiqui wabikoze, ndetse ko ibyo byabafashije kumenya hakiri kare indwara arwaye.
Mbere yuko Afnan ajyanwa kuri ibyo bitaro, abantu batatu bari bamaze kwicwa n’iyo ndwara muri leta ya Kerala.
Dr Rauf yagize ati: "Nyuma y’ibyo, twamenyesheje leta kuko cyari ikibazo cy’ubuzima rusange nuko hatangizwa igikorwa cy’ubukangurambaga." Icyo gikorwa cy’ubukangurambaga ni cyo Siddiqui yari yamenyeye ku mbuga nkoranyambaga.
Ibizamini abaganga bakoze kuri Afnan byafashije gutahura ko hari hari iyo ’amibe’ mu matembabuzi yo mu bwonko no mu ruti rw’umugongo rw’uwo muhungu, nuko bamuha imiti ikomatanyije yica udukoko yatewe mu ruti rw’umugongo rwe hakoreshejwe urushinge.
Ubwo buvuzi bwarimo no kumuha umuti wa Miltefosine – umuti utaboneka mu Buhinde, watumijwe ukagera mu gihugu uvuye mu Budage.
Dr Rauf yagize ati: "Leta yari yawutumije ubwo habonekaga abandi barwayi b’iyo ndwara. Uyu muti ukoreshwa ku ndwara zidakunze kubaho mu Buhinde ariko ntuhenze cyane."
Yongeyeho ati: "Ku munsi wa mbere, umurwayi ntiyagaruye ubwenge neza cyane kubera igicuri. Mu minsi itatu, uburwayi bwa Afnan bwatangiye koroha."
Nyuma y’icyumweru, abaganga bongeye kumusuzuma, basanga ya ’amibe’ itakiri mu mubiri w’uwo muhungu. Ariko azakomeza gufata imiti kugeza mu kwezi kuri imbere, nyuma yaho arateganya gusubukura amasomo ye.
Ibi bintu Afnan yaciyemo byamukozeho cyane mu bitekerezo bye. Ubu avuga ko ashaka kwigira kuba umuforomo.
Siddiqui ati: "Abaforomo bitangira abarwayi cyane, ni ko yabwiye muganga."
BBC
