Paracetamol ni umuti wo mu bwoko bw’imiti igabanya ububabare(analgesic) ndetse ikanagabanya izamuka ry’umuriro mu mubiri w’umuntu .
Paracetamol nanone izwi ku izina rya acetaminophene aho usanga iri zina ari ryo rikoreshwa cyane cyane muri Amerika, Canada, Ubuyapani naho ahandi nko mu Rwanda tugakoresha izina Paracetamol.Paracetamol ni izina ry’impine rikomoka mu mazina akoreshwa mu butabire(chimie) ”
para-acétyl-amino-phénol.
Paracetamol ni umwe mu miti yavumbuwe kera cyane kuva 1878 na Harmon Northrop Morse . Uyu muti ukaba ubarizwa mu rutonde rw’imiti nkenerwa rushyirwa hanze n’ishami ry’umuryangow’abibumbye ryita ku buzima OMS. Ni umwe mu miti yandikwa n’abaganga cyane ku isi.
Paracetamol ikora ite ?
Paracetamol ni umuti ugabanya ububabare aho ugenda ukabuza imisemburo ya prostaglandines igira uruhare mu gutuma umuntu yumva ububabare nanone mu kuringaniza ubushyuhe bw’umubiri, ikora ku bwonko ku gace ka hypothalamus(soma “ipotaramisi”.) ari nako gashinzwe kuringaniza ubushyuhe mu mubiri w’umuntu.
Mu minota 15 paracetamol yo mu bwoko bw’ibinini iba igeze mu maraso ari nabwo umuntu atangira kumva ububabare bugabanutse ,naho ku minota 30 kugeza ku isaha nicyo gihe kugirango paracetamol z’ifu cyangwa ibinini bisanzwe kugirango bibe bigeze mu maraso. Ibisigazwa byayo bisohokera mu nkari aho bishobora gutinzwa n’igihe impyiko zangiritse.
Ku bindi nuko paracetamol ari uburozi bukomeye ku nyamaswa zimwe na zimwe nk’injangwe na zimwe mu nzoka aho ituma amaraso atabasha kuyungururwa ngo afate umwuka(oxygen) bityo no ku ngano ntoya izi nyamaswa zikaba zicwa no guhera umwuka.
Ni hehe winjirira mu mubiri ?
Ubwoko bwa paracetamol bukunze kuboneka kugeza ubu ni ubucishwa mu kanwa(ibinini , ibinini bibira mu mazi ,puderi zivangwa n’amazi, kabusire), ubuterwa mu maraso ndetse na paracetamol zicishwa mu kibuno,
Uboneka usa ute?
– Nk’ibinini(tablets) byo kumira(garama 100,500 ahanini)
– kabusire(capsules urugero :dafalgan)
– Ibinini bibira mu mazi (effervescent)
– Paracetamol zicishwa mu kibuno(garama 80,100,125,150,200,250,300,500)
– Paracetamol igera mu mubiri hifashishijwe inshinge(injectable) (urugero:perfalgan)
Ni umuti ushobora guca mu ngobyi ukaba wagera ku mwana ku mugore utwite,ndetse ukaba ushobora no kujya mu mashereka ku mugore wonsa,ariko ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko nta bibazo bihambaye aha hose ushobora gutera umwana.
Ibisigazwa byawo mu mubiri bisohokera mu nkari ,ariko nanone ni umuti ushobora kwangiza umwijima n’impyiko igihe ukoreshwa nabi.
Ni iyihe ngano yawo yemewe gufatwa ?
Ku mwana ni amamiligarama 60 ugakuba n’ibiro umwana afite (60mg/kg/ku munsi) aho ashobora gufata iyi ngano mu byiciro bitatu ku munsi (nukuvuga nyuma ya buri masaha 8)
Urugero :umwana ufite ibiro 10 yemerewe gufata amamiligarama 600 ku munsi (60mgx10),iyi ngano ayifata mu byiciro bitatu(200miligarama mu gitondo ,200mg saa sita na 200mg nimugoroba nkuko bakunze kuvuga)
Ku muntu mukuru(umuntu ufite ibiro hejuru ya 35) ni amagarama 3 ku munsi(igarama 1 mu gitondo ,igarama 1 saa sita ndetse n’igarama 1 nimugoroba nkuko bakunze kubivuga
Icyitonderwa:Umuganga ashobora guhindura ingano akurikije ububabare ndetse n’umuriro umurwayi afite gusa nanone ingano ntarengwa ku mwana yemewe ni miligarama 80 ku kiro 1 ku munsi(80mg/kg ku munsi) naho ku muntu mukuru ni ukutarenza amagarama 4 ku munsi(ibinini 8 bya mg 500 ku munsi muri rusange)
Ni iki kizirana nawo ?
Paracetamol ni umwe mu miti idafite ibyo bizirana byinshi. Ufatwa n’abantu b’ingeri zose ku myaka runaka ndetse nta n’ingaruka nyinshi ugira igihe ufashwe hakurikije ingano nyayo yagenwe.
– Paracetamol ifatwa n’umuntu ufite umwijima muzima ndetse kuyifatana na alcool ntibyemewe kubera ko byangiza umwijima.Tubonereho no kubwira abantu ko atari byiza gufata paracetamol ku munaniro,ububabare cg amavunane yandi yatewe no kunywa alcool.
– Kuri paracetamol zinyuzwa mu kibuno, umurwayi agomba kubanza akajya mu bwiherero kugirango ataza kubishaka amaze gusesekamo ikinini biryo kikaba cyasohokana n’umwanda.Gutindana bene iyi paracetamol mu ntoki bituma ishongeramo.
– Mu gihe umaze iminsi 3 ufata paracetamol ariko umuriro ugakomeza kuzamuka cyangwa icyumweru kigashira ububabare butagabanuka,mu gihe ugize impinduka ku ruhu cg ukagira ibindi bimenyetso bibi bidasanzwe ihutire kuyihagarika ugane muganga.
– Ku barwayi bwa diyabete ,gukoresha paracetamol mu gihe bateganya gukoresha ikizamini cy’isukari bibangamira igisubizo kiri buboneke.
Ni izihe nyito zindi za Paracetamol?
Paracetamol ni umuti ukorwa ni nganda hafi ya zose ku isi zikora imiti ,ni imwe mu miti imaze igihe kinini ikoreshwa,ibi rero biba n’intandaro yo kugira andi mazina menshi atandukanye:
Efferalgan, doliprane, parol, perdolan, dafalgan,…
Ubu inganda zikora imiti zirakataje mu gukora umuti umwe uvangiyemo imiti myinshi mu rwego rwo korohereza umurwayi.Hari imiti myinshi rero ivangiyemo paracetamol:
Imitiihanganan’ibicurane:urugero:febrilex,coldcap,fervex,dacold,antigrippine,paidoterin n’indi myinshi,iyi yose ibonekamo paracetamol kuko ahanini usanga umurwayi ufite ibicurane agaragaza kubabara cyane cyane umutwe ndetse n’ubushyuhe bw’umubiri bukazamuka.
– Imiti igabanya ububabare:urugero:efferalgan vitamine c,efferalgan codeine,clofains,hedex,action,panadol,betapyn,migralgine,antalgex n’indi myinshi usanga ari uruhurirane rw’imiti myinshi harimo na paracetamol mu rwego rwo gufatanya kugirango bihangane n’ububabare bukabije umurwayi afite.
Phn N.Marcelo Baudouin
