Hassan Sheikh Mohamud avuga ko igihugu cya Somalia gishobora kugira amahoro, ko politiki ya kiyisilamu ikwiye gucika ku ihohotera kandi ko demokarasi yasugira.
Ugenda n’imodoka, kuva ku kibuga cy’indege cya Mogadishu kugera ku nyumba yo mu rugo rwa perezida ruzwi nka Villa Somalia ubundi byagafashe iminota 15.
Ni gake byakugendekera bitya. Buri nyuma ya metero ijana, hari bariyeri yo mu muhanda irinzwe n’abapolisi. Hano nta cyo kwirengagizwa cyangwa ngo wime agaciro. Ibiturika kuri bariyeri ni ikintu gisanzwe cyane nk’amatara ku mihanda y’i Kigali.
Kugira ngo hatabaho guhungabanya umutekano, nta muntu uretse Hassan Sheikh Mohamud, perezida uherutse gutorwa, n’abafasha be bake, ni bo bonyine bazi iby’urugendo rw’ikinyamakuru The Observer hano ugiye gukorana natwe tukurbarira inkuru The Guardian ikesha icyo kinyamakuru.
Turahageze dutwawe n’imodoka bwo mu bwoko bwa Hilux itinjirwa n’amasasu inyuma ya Jeep itwaye abasirikare barindwi na mashinigani yiteguye kurekura urufaya, mu muhanda ukikijwe n’imifuka y’umucanga isa n’iwufubitse ndetse n’ibikuta bifite ibisa n’imigozi y’inzembe hejru. Umutuzo ni cwe!!!
Kugera ku kibuga kare mu gitondo, kwambara akajaketi n’ingofero[cask] irinda umutwe, byasaga n’aho ari ubutesi, ubwirasi ariko n’ubwenge buke cyane mu maso y’umugabo warokotse ibitero bihambaye byakabaye byaratwaye ubuzima bwe inshuro nyinshi- harimo n’icyagabwe mu rugo rwa perezida- akaba ayobora igihugu kitagibwaho impaka na benshi nk’ikiza inyuma y’ibindi mu kugira umutekano ku isi.
Gusanganirwa n’imigirigiri idaseka ku marembo y’ibiro bye, aho Mohamud yicaye wenyine ku ntebe iciriritse ikoze mu biti ahanze ihanze ahanze amaso ifoto ya, Aden Adde perezida wa mbere wategetse Somalia bwa mbere nyuma y’ubwigenge.
Yambaye ikoti ryoroheje ry’ubururu, ikora ry’ishari rifunguye, Mohamud arasa n’umuntu uruhutse mu mutwe, ni uko aduhanye ikiganza cye urugwiro rwinshi.
Kuba perezida wa Somalia- igihugu cyitwa izina rigikoreshwa cyane, niba ritayobya, nk’impinamagambo “y’igihugu cyapfuye” [failed state]- byasa kuri bamwe nk’akazi katoroshye na gato kandi katashimirwa. ’
Akajagari mu mihanda ya Mogadishu nyuma y’igitero cyaturikanye imodoka ya Minisitiri w’Uburezi ku ya 29 Ukwakira 2022
Mohamud afite umwihariko yihariye wo kuba akoze uyu murimo inshuro ebyiri. Manda ye ya mbere yo kuva mu 2012 kugeza mu 2017, yabaye iya guverinoma irangajwe imbere bwa mbetre y’ubuyobozi bwatowe, butari ubuziba icyuho guhera mu 1991, umwaka umwe nyuma y’aho umunyagitugu w’umusirikare wategetse igihe kirekire, Mohamed Siad Barre yahirikiwe ku butegetsi.
Nyuma gato yo gutorwa kwe, Mohamud yarokotse igitero cyari kigamije kumuca igihanga kuri hoteli aho yari yahuriye na miminisitiri w’ububanyi n’amahanga wa Kenya. Ku yindi nshuro, abaterabwoba bo mutwe wa al-shabab, ifitanye umubano ikanaba umufatanyabikorwa wa al-Qaeda, yigaruriye ikaba inagenzura igice kinini cy’ubutaka bw’iki gihugu, baturikirije imodoka ku marembo ya Villa Somalia. Umwe mu barwanyi yashoboye kugera muri metero uvuye aho perezida yari mbere y’uko urusasu ruva mu munwa w’imbunda rumuturikira mu mutwe ingogo ikagarama aho.
Nyuma yo kongera gutorwa muri Gicurasi, Mohamed, nk’uko amakuru y’ubutasi bwe abivuga, ni we gipimo kiza ku mwanya wa mbere al-shabab iganbiriye kuzica na none. Iminsi mike nyuma y’uko tugiranye iki kiganiro, abarwanyi barwana izo bashingira ku ntambara ntagatifu (abajihadisite) bagabye ibitero bibiri bituritsa imodoka i Mogadishu byica nibura abagera ku 100. Hamwe mu hari hagambiriwe hari kuri minisiteri y’uburezi iyoborwa
Iyoborwa na Farah Sheikh Abdulkadir, inshuti y’akadasohoka ya Mohamud muri politiki (Imna yakinze akaboko).
Perezida yamaganye cyane ubu bwicanyi yitiriye ko ababukoze babukoraga bihora ku bw’intsonzi guverinoma ye yari yaronse mu cyo yita “intambara yeruye” arwana n’abajihadisite. Guverinoma ye iherutse kwigarurira uduce tw’ingenzi. Gusa inyungu yagezeho ziracyari nto, kandi Somalia iracyahanganye n’uruhuri rw’ibibazo ngorabahizi- utanavuze iyangirika ry’ibidukikije rikomeje kwiyongera ndetse n’inzara y’igikatu yugarije iki gihugu. Mu buryo busa n’ubuhoraho, Somalia yisanga kenshi ku myanya ya nyuma cyangwa hejuru yayo gato cyane mu byegeranyo bivuga uko isi ihagaze muri ruswa, ubukene ndetse no kuba igihugu gihagaze ku buce.
Imbere mu rwobo rwa politiki rusaba kwihangana gusa, Mohamud w’imyaka 67 arurimo yemye. Muri iyi myaka yo kumeneka kw’amaraso yakurikiye ihanguka ritangaje rya leta muri 1991- ntiyigeze ava mu gihugu. Icyakora umwe mu bana be 20 ni we wenyine wavukiye hano. Ibi bikamutandukanya mu migirire kuri iyi ngingo we yasimbuye, Mohamud Farmaajo” Abdullahi Mohamed, by’umwihariko, wamaze igice kinini cy’ubuzima bwe bw’ubukure muri leta ya New York, hamwe na benshi mu ntiti zize z’Abanyasomaliya. Uko Mogadishu yagwaga muri rwaserera zikomeye ubwo Amerika yazaga gutabara muri za 1990, benshi bahungiye mu mahanga.
Umurongo w’indege wa Mogadishu, Umurwa wa Somalia
Mohamud iki gihe wari umwalimu n’umucuruzi mu murwa, yibuka iki gihe nk’igihe cy’ubusabuzi n’ubwicanyi, insoresore zitwaje intwaro zambura ibya rubanda n’amajoro yo kutagoheka igihe “uba utaziyi igihe igisasu wajya kumva ukumva kigugwiriye mu nzu.” Yibuka urupfu rw’inshuti ye yari umusaza wishwe akubiswe n’ibishashi bya bombe yaguye muri metero nke uvuye aho yari. “Byari ibihe bikomeye cyane,” ni ko avuga. “Ntitwatekerezaga ko ubu tuba tukiriho.”
Mohamud ufite impamyabumenyi y’icyiciro cya gatatu cya kaminuza yavanye muri kaminuza yo mu Buhinde, uyu ni nk’umwe mu Basomali bagashoboye kuba bimereye neza mu gihugu cya Kenya baturanye, cyangwa yaribobeye visa imutuza mu gihugu gitekanye mu burengerazuba bw’isi. Icyakora yumvise nta mahoro yagirira iw’abandi hahanda. “Sinigeze ngira iki gitekerezo cyo kujya hanze y’igihugu…Mogadishu ni ho iwacu,” ni ko avuga. Umugabo uvugana icyizere cy’uko ibintu bizagenda neza ahazaza, yiyumvishaga ko amakimbirane ashingiye ku moko yazahaje igihugu cye mu ntangiriro yari bube ay’igihe gito, igisa n’agahe gato k’inzibacyuho kabayeho mbere y’uko guverinoma ihamye ishyirwaho. Ati: “Abarwanaga intambara bavugaga ko ibintu byiza byari mu nzira, hanyuma turabizera. Ku bw’amahirwe make, byari intangiriro.”
Ikirere cya Mogadishu ku mugoroba
Mohamud yabaye impirimbanyi y’imibereho myiza. Akoresha impano ye gukoresha dipolomasi y’ubworoherane ahuza abarwanyi bari bari barigabagabanije Mogadishu nk’abamanyagura umugati maze abavana mu byo kurwana baba abantu bashyize imbere inyungu z’igihugu. Kari akazi katoroshye kanatwara ubuzima bwa benshi. Benshi muri bagenzi be babiguyemo bicwa. Yibuka umunsi umwe mu 1998 ubwo agatsiko k’abarwanyi kamuhamagara gakoresheje amarenga bamusaba ngo yinjire mu murayngo wari ufunguye ubwo yatambukaga.
Mohamud, umuyisilamu udaheza inguni ngo bimubuze kumva no kubana n’abo badahuje imyemerere, yizera ko idini rishobora kuba icyomoro n’umuti wavura igihugu cyakomeretse, kandi ko politiki ishingira kuri isilamu ikwiye kuba idahohotera.
Icyo gihe yarinjiye, agezemo imbere ahasanga umurambo ugaramye hasi. Ati: “Mbere nabanje gukeka ko ari umuntu wari uryamye atyo hasi.” Abarwanyi bamwambuye ibyo yari afite byose ariko baramureka aragenda ubwo bamenyaga ko bakomoka mu bwoko bumwe.”
Inyenyeri ya Mohamud yatse cyane mu myaka ya za 2000 ubwo yasingaga kaminuza yigenga agahita anaba umuyobozi w’imiryango itari iya leta yari yamaze gutera ikirenge mu cyuho cyari cyasizwe na leta yahangutse. Hagati mu kinyacumi cy’imyaka, ibikorwa by’ihohotera bishingiye ku mumyumvire iva ku ntambara ntagatifu ya jihadi byari byeze cyane ndetse Ethioipia baturanye yari yamaze gutera.
Aha Somalia yari imaze kurohama mu ngeri yayo noheho. Abajihadisite baje nyuma y’aha guhindukamo al-shabab barwanye n’abasirikare b’Abanyetiyopiya umuhanda ku muhanda, igikuta ku gikuta, basiga “imirambo igaramye aho ari ho hose”. Uyu wari kuzaba perezida n’inshuti ze bamaze iminsi batora iyi mirambo mu mikoki no mu miferege y’imihanda…ngo hato idashangukira ku gasozi cyangwa ikaribwa n’imbwa n’inkongoro.
Za guverinoma z’inzibacyuho zagiye zisimburana ngo zishyireho amahoro nubwo ububasha bwazo bwagarukiraga muri metero amagana make cyane uvuye kuri Villa Somalia. Acitse intege mu mutima, Mohamud n’inshuti ze batangiye kujya impaka no kuganira igikurikira bagombaga gukora. Ati: “Twaribazaga tuti ‘Ubu rwose dushobora gutegereza imyaka ingahe koko?’” Mohamud yanzuye mu mutima we ko yari afite amahitamo make asanga agomba kwinjira muri politiki.
Mu 2010, yashinze ishyaka rya mbere rya politiki ryari ribayeho muri Somalia guhera igihe habereye ihirikwa ry’ubutegetsi rikozwe n’abasirikare mu 1969.
Muri iyo myaka 12, Somalia yateye intambwe nke igera ku iterambere runaka. Al-shabab yarasunitswe yigizwa mu cyaro kandi leta eshanu zigenga ziyoborerwa i Mogagishu (ukuyemo icyaje kuba leta ya Somaliland) zashinzwe cyangwa zigahabwa imbaraga muri manda ya mbere ya Mohamud, ubu zateye imbere.
Hanyuma rero, mu masaha y’igicamunsi, uko atwarwa mu rukurikirane rw’imodoka nk’uko bigenda ku bandi banyacyubahiro bose, hari igikari (avenue) gitatse amabara abengerana y’ibyapa byibutsa ishingwa ry’ibigo by’ubucuruzi bw’itumanaho: byabayeho n’igihe nta leta yariho, ndetse hari n’ubucuruzi bwishakiye inzira yo kubaho, ubu ba nyirabwo baraganje ifaranga ririnjira.
Mohamud mu myiyereko yamagana al-shabab mu ya 12 Mutarama. Umutwe w’uyu mugabo ni cyo kintu kiza imbere mu byo al-shabab ishaka
Icyakora urugendo na rwo rwerekana imbibe ku mushinga wo kubaka leta. Villa Somalia ni agatangaza gateye amabengeza. Bitandukanye n’izindi nzu za leta mu mirwa y’ibihugu bya Afurika, Villa Somalia iratanga ubutumwa bw’icyubahiro n’ubudahangarwa budahambaye. Hari imyenge yatewe n’amasasu n’ibisigazwa by’ibikuta biva ku nzu zasenyutse aho uca hasi.
Uretse gusa umwihariko w’uko iyi nyubako yubatswe mu bukorikori n’ubuhanga bufite inkomoko ku bukoloni bw’Ubutaliyani, iyi nyubakwa igaragara cyane nk’ikigo cya gisirikare kurusha uko isa n’icyicaro cya guverinoma. Abasirikare b’Abagande bari mu butumwa bwo kurinda amahoro muri Somalia ni bo bagenzura umutekano wayo, ikintu cyibutsa uko umunsi ukeye Mohamud ko guverinoma ye igiteze amaboko ku banyamahanga. Kuba perezida wa Somalia ni ukwishimira imitego y’ubutegetsi bwa leta kurusha uko wakwishimira ukubugumaho.
Imihanda irabanza igasukurwa ku buryo nta n’akanyoni gatamba mbere y’uko perezida atambuka. Tugera aho twajyaga hafi ya “zone y’icyatsi’’ irindishijwe intwaro zikomeye, ibarizwamo za ambasade z’ibihugu by’amahanga ndetse na hoteli zitekanye kurusha izindi, buloke ebyiri zigomba kuba zirindiwe bariyeri n’abasirikare barwana aho rukomeye . Mohamud arageza ijambo ku bitabiriye umunsi wa nyuma w’inama yakozwe ku burezi bwa kiyisilamu mu mashuri n’amadarasa guverinoma itera inkunga mu gice cy’umushinga wayo wo “kugarura uko ubuyisilamu bufatwa” ibivanye kuri al-shabab.
Hassan Sheikh Mohamud
Uko atanga ubutumwa bw’ingenzi agambiriye- ko ari igihe cy’abayobozi b’idini ndetse n’ab’imiryango ngo bajye ahagaragara bashire amanga bamagane al-shabab, imbaga ya rubanda rumuteze amatwi- igizwe cyane n’abagabo bavuye mu misigiti- bisa n’aho bwinjira neza mu mitima y’ababwumva.
Biragoye ko baba babyumva ku mutima bafiteho akangongonwa cyangwa uko babwakira ku maso ari na ko biri mu mitima koko, gusa ibi bikwerere baraseka inzenya perezida atera (Kamwe mu tuzina tw’uduhimbano twa Mohamud ni “Qoslaye” bisobanura inseko) kandi mu magambo na bo bavuze nyuma, bamutotobetse bamushimira.
Iyo avugira mu ruhame, bwana Mohamud ntavuga nk’usiganwa n’ibihe kumwe kw’abategetsi bakomeye bavuga utunota imbarwa, ahubwo avuga aganira atanga ingero nyinshi nk’umuntu wakoze mu bwalimu koko. Gusa na none, avugana ijwi rya kigabo wumva koko riva mu gituza nk’icy’imfizi, kandi akavuga wumva avuga ibyo ahagazeho yizeye ko bizaba. Amaso ye agira atya agahumbya ari ko ananyuzamo akamwenyura kandi urabibona rwose ko afite ububasha bwo kuzamura icyizere cy’abamuteze amatwi. Uyu munsi, aratanga ishusho ya Somalia ya mbere y’uko ubujihadisite mvamahanga buyibasira- igihe, nk’uko abivuga, cyarangwaga no kubana neza cyane hagati ya rubanda rwa Somalia, umubano mu bantu yumva ko wazahurwa.
Somalia ubwayo si inkuru nsa y’ihohotera, urugomo na leta yapfuye. Ibande ku mbaraga. Umunsi ukurikiraho ni uwo gutangiza ku mugaragaroubukangurambaga bwo gutera ibiti. Aho biza kubera ni ahubatse inzu nini muri santeri ishaje yo mu mujyi, hepfo gato y’ahubatse inyubakwa yakoreyemo inteko ishingamateka ya mbere ya Somalia, yasenywe mu ntambara ya rubanda yo muri za 1980 nyamara ikaba yaragumye aho nk’iyo ‘hakurya mu gihuku’, ariko iri aho nk’icyangijwe n’intambara gikoreshwa nk’urwibutso rw’amateka.
Akiri ku ruhande rutavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi, Mohamud yafashije gutegura urugendo rw’amaguru rwari rugamije kurangirira ku buryo bw’ibimenyetso ku ntamwe zarwo, hamaganwa isubika ry’amatora ryakozwe na Farmaajo shenanigan. Aya matora ya Farmaajo yatumye iki gihugu kijya mu makimbirane n’imidugararo, ndetse yabaye kimwe mu byatumye Mohamud yiyamariza intebe yo muri perezidansi. Icyakora, mbere y’uko urugendo rutangira, abasirikare b’abatoni ba Farmaajo bagose ihoteli aho Mohamud yabaga- ikintu avuga ko byari nko kugerageza kumwambura ubuzima.
Iyi nshuro rero arerekeza ku nyumba, aho ageze akakiranwa ibyishimo n’umunezero ukomeye. Imbaga y’abantu igizwe cyane n’abagore, bambaye imyenda yiganjemo amabara y’ubururu n’umweru agize ibendera rya Somalia. Ibyapa, ibibaho bito n’imipira bambaye byose biragaragaza ugukundwa kwa perezida ndetse n’umuziki wamutuwe uravugira mu mizindaro uko atambuka gitware yiyambariye akagofero k’icyatsi n’umweru nk’ak’abakina baseball, ari ko agana ubutaka buri ahamuteguriwe ngo ahatere igiti. Yishimye rwose bigaragara ko bitarimo imbereka, arasuhuza yishimye aha ukuboko abitabiriye uyu muhango bitera hejuru bavuza impundu n’utururu nk’imbaga y’abafana Gikundiro i Nyanza mu nsi y’izuba ry’igikatu rimena agahanga. Nyuma y’ijambo rye- yasezeranyemo ko ingemwe 100.000 zizaba ziri mu butaka mbere y’uko umwaka urangira- amafoto arisukiranya kuri konti ze z’imbuga nkoranyambaga zitandukanye.
Yego, twari leta yapfuye. Ariko ubu hari leta, intege nke yaba ifite zose- Hassan Sheikh Mohamud.
Abake ni bo bashidikanya ku bushobozi bwa Mohamud ku ndogobe y’ubutegetsi bw’igihugu kirimo abaturage bakunda ubucuruzi kandi bashyize imbere amoko biranga politiki za Somalia. Inshuro ebyiri ubu yamaze gushyiraho ihuriro rigari ririho ngo rice agakino kabi k’amatora ataziguye (aho abagize inteko nshingamategeko batorwa n’abahagarariye rubanda batoranywa n’abakuru b’imiryango yo mu moko agize Somalia bagera ku 14.000).
Umwana ukomoka mu batunzi b’indogobe wapfushije ababyeyi akiri muto, Mohamud yakuriye mu cyaro, amira acurura amahame nzungurutsabwonko yo mu muco uranga ubwoko bwabo. Ati: “Iyo uba mu byaro by’abanomade bahora bimuka bagisha bashaka ahaba akatsi n’amazi byatunga amatungo yabo, umara umwanya munini uganira,” ni ko minisitiri w’ububanyi n’amahanga, Ali Omar, inshuti ya Mohamud ibivuga. Ati: “Rero [Mohamud] azi neza umuco ndetse n’ururimi kuturusha twese.”
Gufatisha Mohamud ni ingorabahizi. Akora amasaha 20 ku munsi iminsi 7 mu cyumweru
Niba Mohamud akunzwe muri rubanda rusanzwe rwa giseseka nta wabura kubyibaza. Farmaajo uzwiho kuba umuntu ukabya gukunda igihugu cye ku buryo nta munyamahanga ukigiramo uburenganzira busesuye yanyanyagije amafaranga mu inozamubano ndetse afite igisirikare kimutonnyeho cyane kiri mu ntambara ku mbuga nkoranyambaga. Ni gato wakwizera ko hazaba amatora yagenze neza agaca mu mucyo nta ngogo zigaramye muri Somalia kandi abanyamakuru babuzwa kwisanzura n’ibibazo by’umutekano bibabuza kumenya akari ku mitima ya rubanda batuye hanze ya Mogadishu.
Aha hantu kuri ya nyumba yahoze ikoreramo inteko nshingamategeko hateguwe neza cyane bikabije byagira icyo bikwereka bike nawe nyir’amaso ukibonera. Mu masegonda make mbere y’uko perezida avuye ku rubuga (podium), ahise yinjira mu modoka zifite amdirishya y’amabara, ziruka mu gikari gikikijwe ibiti nko mu Kiyovu mu murongo w’imodoka nyinshi zerekeza kuri Villa Somalia.
Ku munsi wa gatatu, perezida yakerewe na none kandi. Yicaye kuri kaburimbo yo ku kibuga cy’indege, Mohamud yatindijwe n’abayobozi ba gisirikare bamuhamagaraga ubutaretsa kuri telefoni. Ibi, nk’uko abafasha be hafi babivuga, ni agasanzwe, ni nk’ahora kuri telefoni, bamubwira amakuru mashya yo ku rugamba bimusaba iteka guhora atekereza uko yahangana umunota ku munota ubutaruhuka n’abajihadisite. Ni imbaraga ariko zikanaba integer nke.
Uwo yakoreye mu ngata anengwa cyane kuba nta bushake yagize bukomeye bwo kurwanya al-shabab (abamenenga bamushinjaga kwita cyane ku gukura mu kibuga abakeba be muri politiki), ariko Mohamud agaragaza umuhate no kwiyemeza muri uru rugamba. Ni umuntu wamenyereye kuyobora abantu bake ushingira ku ruziga ruto rw’abajyanama bizewe. Ariko rero ibibazo bya Somalia bifite imizi miremire ishoye kure mu makimbirane ava mu madini n’imibanire irangwa no kuronda ubwoko cyane ku buryo bigoye cyane umuntu umwe musa kubibonera igisubizo.
Perezida arasa n’unaniwe, urajya kubona ukabona afashe akaruhuko gato mu kiganiro akareba mu idirishya. Akora amasaha 20 ku munsi, iminsi 7 mu cyumweru. Icyakora uko ikiganiro gikomeza kiva ku ntego nyamukuru y’urugendo (gutaha ku mugaragaro icyambu gishya i Puntland, igikomeye kandi cya kera kurusha ibindi muri leta zishyize hamwe za Somalia, noneho cyerekeza ku bibazo ku bibazo nyigantekerezo byerekeye kubaka igihugu, noneho bisa n’aho ikibatsi kumukongeyemo.
Mohamud afite ni nk’umwami w’umushumi uvoma ubwiru n’ubucurabwenge bwe mu bushakakashatsi bwo mu ishuri. Iyo avuga ku cyo yumva nk’imizi y’ibibazo bya Somalia usanga ari amoko no kuyaronda, umurage w’ubutegetsi bwa gisirikare, n’ikivejuru cya Isilamu ihohotera abandi.
“Nizera ko igihugu gishingiye ubutege kuri demokarasi gishobora kubakwa muri Somalia,” ni ko yambwiye. Ati: “Kandi ni yo nzira yonyine yadusohora muri ibi.”
Akaga n’icyoba kiva kuri Al-Shabaab ni ikintu kiriho rwose- kandi iteka ntiwakwitega ngo karava he. Abasirikare aha bafotowe mu modoka irindiwe umutekano cyane mu rugendo rutembera hirya no hino i Mogadishu.
Gusa na none ariko, Mohamud ni umuntu ukabije gukunda igihugu cyane bimuteye ishema, ararakara iyo abajijwe ku gisa n’akarango ka none gahabwa igihugu cye. Ati: “Yego, twari igihugu gisa n’icyapfuye. Ariko ubu hari leta, intege yaba ifite zose,” ni ko avuga. “Ikibazo ni ukuva kuri leta icitse intege tukagera kuri leta ikora neza.”
Ibi bizasaba icyo umuhanga muri siyansi y’imibanire w’Umudage, Max Weber yise “slow boring of hard board- kikaba na cyo ari urugendo rw’inzira utoteza wihanganye ugana ku mpinduka nziza uva mu kaga k’igihe kirekire, uko umuhanda wasa n’aho uba muremure kose.
Intego ye ni “ugushyiraho imisingi’’ yo kuzahura igihugu kandi, ku myaka ye y’amavuko, arabizi ko ibi atazapfa kubibonesha amaso ye akiriho. Gusa yizera ko impinduka zishoboka.
“Umugambi wonyine mfite uhatse indi ni ukubona Somalia igaruka igahagarara yemye ku maguru yayo. Nta kindi kirenze icyo nifuza mu mubima”- Perezida Hassan Sheikh Mohamud
Iradukunda Fidele Samson
