Amateka n’ibigwi by’icyamamare Bob Marley wibukwa kuri uyu munsi

Bob Marley, ni umuhanzi w’icyamamare ku isi witabye Imana tariki ya 11 Gicurasi 1981 mu mujyi wa Miami muri Leta ya Florida muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika. Uyu munsi isi yose irimo kwibuka ibigwi bye byamuranze.

Bob Marley, ni umuhanzi wicyamamare wamenyekanye ku isi yose, bitewe n’ubutumwa bufasha abakurikirana ibihangano bye yatangaga mu njyana ya Reggae ikunzwe n’abatari bacye mu bice bitandukanye by’isi.

Amazina ye bwite yitwa Robert Nesta Marley, yavutse tariki ya 6 Gashyantare mu 1945, mu gihugu cya Jamayika. Aza kwitabye Imana ku ya 11 Gicurasi 1981 mu mujyi wa Miami muri leta ya Florida muri leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika.

Bob Marley ni umwe mu bahanzi bubatse amazina akomeye ku rwego rw’isi (legend), kugeza na n’ubu niwe muhanzi uzwi kurusha abandi washoboye guteza imbere no kumenyekanisha injyana ya Reggae akaba ari n’umuhanzi wa mbere mu mateka washoboye kugurisha CD nyinshi z’indirimbo mu njyana ya reggae.

Nyina wa Bob Marley ni Cedella Marley, umwirabura w’umunyajamayikakazi akaba yaramubyaye afite imyaka 18 y’amavuko. Naho se ni Narval Marley akaba ari umuzungu w’umwongereza akaba wavukiye muri Jamayika yari umusirikare ufite ipeti rya kapiteni,we yari mu kigero cy’imyaka 50. Sekuru wa Bob Marley ni Albert Thomas Marley nyirakuru ni Ellen Broomfield.

Cedella Marley nyina wa Bob Marley

Bivugwa ko uyu muryango waba ukomoka ku bayahudi bo muri Siriya baje baturuka mu bwongereza mbere yo kujya gutura mu gihugu cya Jamayika. Ababyeyi ba Narvel Marley ngo ntibanejejwe no kubona umuhungu wabo acudika n’umugore ufite uruhu rwirabura. Mu bwana bwe, ntiyashimishijwe no kutabona se hafi ye, kuko afite hagati y’imyaka 5n’itandatu nibwo se yamujyanye mu mujyi kugira ngo amushyire mu ishuri.

Nyuma yo kumara igihe atamenya amakuru y’umwana we, nyina wa Bob Marley yamusanze mu muhanda wa Kingston aho yari yarahawe umukecuru yafashaga amutuma. Iyi niyo yabaye inshuro ya nyuma Cedella yabonaniyeho na Narval ahita amwambura umwana we. Mu gihe cye cy’ubugimbi, Bob Marley yavuye mu buzima bw’icyaro butari bumworoheye, ajya gushakisha ubuzima mu mujyi i Trenchtown muri Kingston.

Ahageze yahamenyaniye na Neville Livingston wanitwaga Bunny Wailer na Winston Hubert McIntosh unitwa Peter Tosh bafatanyije guhimba no kuririmba. Mu 1962, ku myaka 17 y’amavuko, nibwo Bob Marley yasohoye indirimbo ye ya mbere yise ‘judje not’ bisobanura ngo ntugace urubanza. Muri iki gihe indirimbo ze ntizakunzwe cyane ariko ntibyamuciye intege yakomeje gushyira ingufu ze mu buhanzi.

Mu 1963, afatanyije na Junior Braithwaithe, Peter Tosh na Bunny Wailer bakoze itsinda bise ‘Wailers bisobanura ‘ababibyi’. Bashoboye gusinyana kontaro(contrat) na studio One mu 1964 bikaba byaraborohereje gusohora indirimbo zabo.

Nyuma yo gushyingiranwa na Ritha Anderson mu 1966, Bob Marley yasubiye gushaka nyina wari waramaze nawe gushaka undi mugabo w’umunyajamayika witwa Booker bakaba bari baragiye gutura muri Amerika. Bob yashatse akazi ko gukora muri hoteri yitwa Dupont, ariko ntibyamubuza kubibangikanya no kujya yandika indirimbo.

Bob Marley na Ritha bakoze ubukwe tariki 10 Gashyantare 1966

Kuba nta muterankunga ubifitiye ubushobozi yari afite, kugira ngo amufashe mu icuruzwa ry’ibihangano bye, indirimbo ze ntizagurwaga ku buryo bushimishije. Ku bw’izo mpamvu Bob Marley byamuteye ubukene ku buryo kuba mu mugi n’umugore we Ritha, ndetse n’abana babo babiri (2) Cedella na Ziggy.

Ibi byatumye asubira mu cyaro aho yavukiye mu 1967. Nta mikoro ahagije, mu 1969 Bob Marley yongeye gusanga nyina muri Amerika. Ahageze yashatse akazi ko gukora mu ruganda rukora ibijyanye n’amamodoka rwa crysler. Umugore we n’abana nyuma baje kuhamusanga. Imwe muri album ze zamumenyekanishije ikanagurwa kurusha izindi ni iyo yise “no woman no cry” aho iyi ndirimbo no woman no cry irimo ubutumwa buhumuriza umugore uba mu buzima bubi no guhohoterwa.

Ubuzima bubi yanyuzemo ntabwo bwamuciye intege Tariki 3 ukuboza mu 1976, Bob Marley yararusimbutse, i Kingston mbere ya konseri (concert) agiye gukora. Abantu batandatu bafite intwaro bamutegeye iwe, bamurasa isasu ryamufashe ukuboko, irindi mu gituza, mu itako, irindi rikomeretsa umugore we Ritha mu mutwe ariko ntiryamuhitana. Don Taylor, umunyamerika wamufashaga mu bya muzika (manager) nawe yarashwe amasasu 6 aramukomeretsa.

Uwashoboye kumenyekana muri aba bagizi ba nabi harimo Jim Broun. Iminsi nyuma y’uko ibi biba, Bob Marley yitabiriye igitaramo i Kingiston. Umwe mu banyamakuru amubajije impamvu yaje nyuma y’igihe gito agiriwe nabi, yaramusubije ngo: “Niba abantu bagerageza guhungabanya isi bataruhuka, ni gute njye ushaka kuyigira nziza naruhuka?”

Amagambo yarangaga Bob Marley yari yiganjemo asakaza amahoro n’ubumwe ku isi. Aha yagiraga ati: "Wiharanira gufata iby’isi ngo ubure ubugingo. Ubwenge buruta zahabu n’ifeza by’isi yose."

Ku iherezo ry’ubuzima bwe, Bob Marley yayobotse idini y’aba orthodox bo muri Ethiopia. Bob Marley yifuje gusoreza ubuzima bwe muri Etiyopiya, ariko ntibyashobotse kuko yaguye i Miami ku ya 11 Gicurasi 1981. Yashyinguwe ku ya 21 Gicurasi muri paruwasi yavukiyemo, ya Mutagatifu Ann aho uyu muhango witabiriwe n’abantu benshi.

Bob Marley yagiye afatwa n’abantu bo mu bihe bitandukanye nk’umuvugizi w’abatagira kivurira. Yashatse kugaragaza uburyo amateka y’abirabura yacuritswe. Abana ba Bob Marley bazwi ni 11, harimo batanu yabyaranye n’umugore we Ritha, harimo babiri muri bo batari abe. Umukobwa we mukuru Imani Carole, wavutse ku ya 22 gicurasi 1963 ntiyigeze amwemera, akaba yaramubyaranye na Cheryl Muray.

Nyuma yo gushakana na Ritha, Bob yakiriye umwana witwa Sharon amurerana n’abe. Bamwe mu bana be babaye abahanzi nka se harimo: Ky-Mani Marley, Damian Marley, Ziggy Marley, Julian Marley Rohan Marley we yabaye umukinnyi wabigize umwuga mu mupira w’amaguru muri Amerika.

IZINDI NKURU
Ibitekerezo(0)
Tanga Igitekerezo